Third Punic War



Very much a kind of african civil war, where Rome allied itself with Numidians against Carthage


 * Carthage repays indemnity very quickly (due to high taxes on the wealthy instituted by Hannibal)
 * Carthage is expanding into Africa (running into Numidians, allies of Rome)
 * continuing Roman anxieties & african expansions
 * Cato the Elder: ended every speech with "Carthago delenda est" (Carthage must be destroyed); represents paranoid
 * Carthage refused to give in to Numidians, Romans declared war

Delenda Est

 * Romans besiege Carthage: no food, water, or people (goes on for two years)
 * invade in 146: razed the city to the ground, sewed the ground with salt (so we're told)

Aftermath

 * imposed heavy penalties to African citites that were loyal to Carthage
 * ​no serious effort at this time to create long-standing roman colonies; not until Augustus 
 * Sack of Corinth: 
 * powerful Greek city